1.5.7 直接设置配额：setquota
[root
@rhce ~]# setquota -h
setquota: Usage:
setquota [-u|-g] [-rm] [-F quotaformat]<user|group>
<block-softlimit> <block-hardlimit><inode-softlimit><inode-hardlimit> -a|<filesystem>...
setquota [-u|-g] [-rm] [-F quotaformat] <-pprotouser|protogroup><user|group> -a|<filesystem>...
setquota [-u|-g] [-rm] [-F quotaformat] -b[-c] -a|<filesystem>...
setquota [-u|-g] [-F quotaformat] -t<blockgrace><inodegrace> -a|<filesystem>...
setquota [-u|-g] [-F quotaformat]<user|group> -T<blockgrace> <inodegrace>-a|<filesystem>...
-u, --user set limits for user
-g, --group set limits for group
-a, --all set limits for allfilesystems
--always-resolve alwaystryto resolve name, even if is
composed onlyofdigits
-F, --format=formatname operate on specific quota format
-p, --prototype=protoname copy limits from user/group
-b, --batch read limits from standard input
-c, --continue-batch continue in input processing in caseofan error
-r, --remote set remote quota (via RPC)
-m, --no-mixed-pathnames trim leading slashes fromNFSv4mountpoints
-t, --edit-period edit grace period
-T, --edit-times edit grace times for user/group
-h, --help display this help text andexit
-V, --version display version informationandexit
Bugs to: jack@suse.cz
[root@rhce ~]#
二. 配额使用示例
2.1 创建分区并mount到目录
[root@rhce /]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Device contains neither a validDOSpartition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel withdiskidentifier 0x1e051117.
Changes will remain in memory only,untilyou decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previouscontentwon*t be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 ofpartitiontable 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode isdeprecated.It*s strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command *c*) and change display units to
sectors (command *u*).
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-652, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or+size{K,M,G}(1-652, default 652):
Using default value 652
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@rhce /]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdc: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 =8225280bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes/512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes /512bytes
Disk identifier: 0x1e051117
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 652 5237158+ 83 Linux
[root@rhce /]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdc1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
327680 inodes, 1309289 blocks
65464 blocks (5.00%) reserved for thesuperuser
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1342177280
40 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragmentspergroup
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystemaccountinginformation: done
This filesystem will beautomaticallychecked every 30 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@rhce /]#
[root@rhce /]# mount/dev/sdc1 /dave
[root@rhce /]# vim /etc/fstab
/dev/sdc1 /dave ext3 defaults 0 0
我们这里将/dev/sdc1映射到了目录/dave.
2.2 创建2个测试用户
[root@rhce /]# groupadd grp01
[root@rhce /]# groupadd grp02
[root@rhce /]# cat /etc/group|grep grp0*
grp01:x:503:
grp02:x:504:
[root@rhce /]#
[root@rhce /]# useradd dave01 -g grp01
[root@rhce /]# useradd dave02 -g grp02
[root@rhce /]# passwd dave01
Changing password for user dave01.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokensupdatedsuccessfully.
[root@rhce /]# passwd dave02
Changing password for user dave02.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokensupdatedsuccessfully.
[root@rhce /]#
2.3 修改分区表启用配额限制
[root@rhce ~]# cat /etc/fstab
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/sdc1 /dave ext3 defaults,usrquota,grpquot 0 0
[root@rhce ~]#
/etc/fstab 文件的第四个字段是装载文件系统是使用的选项：
（1）实现基于用户的磁盘配额，就加入usrquota关键字，
（2）实现基于组的磁盘配额，就加入grpqouta关键字，如果两者都需要，就全写入，中间可以用逗号分隔。
注意：请特别注意这里的拼写，是usrquota和grpquota，不要写成userquota和groupquota。
2.4 重新Remount 分区
[root@rhce ~]# mount
/dev/sda3 on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts(rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm typetmpfs(rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misctypebinfmt_misc (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/config typeconfigfs(rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefstyperpc_pipefs (rw)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /root/.gvfstypefuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/sdc1 on /dave typeext3 (rw)
